Soil erosion and sedimentation is one of the greatest environmental threats to water systems. Soil erosion is defined by the wearing away, detachment and movement of soil or rock from the land surface by running water, wind, ice, other geological agents and/or gravity mainly caused by vegetation removal and disturbance during construction activities. Storm water run-off further enhances erosion that contributes to sedimentation in streams, lakes, and wetlands. Sedimentation occurs when erosion is severe and soil particles leave the disturbed site. Sedimentation can significantly compromise water quality by decreasing plant growth and stunt essential chemical and thermal processes that support aquatic systems. Along with carrying chemicals into water bodies, sediment becomes a hazard when clogged in storm drains and sewer systems.
Controlling Soil Erosion and Sedimentation
Installing and maintaining soil erosion control measures are essential for reducing the amount of erosion and sedimentation resulting from soil disturbance activities. The following are control measures supported by the Township on a construction site:
4-6’ feet high chain-link fencing
24-36’’ silt fence
Rock rip-rap check dam(s)
Aggregate access drive installed over geo-textile fabric
Yard and street catch basin protection
Proper site re-stabilization measure
In-water sediment curtains
On a smaller scale, individuals can most help control soil erosion through maintaining native plantings on residential properties.
